What is a Motivating Operation (MO)?

A Motivating Operation (MO) is indeed best described as a condition that increases the effectiveness of a stimulus. In behavioral analysis, an MO refers to a change in the environment that influences an individual's desire for a specific reinforcer. By altering the motivation for that reinforcer, MOs can significantly impact behavior, as they increase the likelihood that a particular behavior will occur in the presence of that stimulus.

For instance, if someone is hungry, the effectiveness of food as a reinforcer increases. This state of hunger acts as a motivating operation that not only enhances the desirability of food but may also increase behaviors related to obtaining food, such as cooking or seeking food from others.

Understanding MOs is vital for practitioners working with individuals with autism, as these operations can provide insight into the antecedents of behavior and guide effective interventions. By recognizing and manipulating motivating operations, practitioners can create environments and conditions that lead to more favorable behavioral outcomes.