What is the purpose of a Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)?

The purpose of a Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) is primarily to gather information about the functions that a problem behavior serves. This assessment focuses on understanding the reasons behind a behavior by examining the antecedents (what happens before the behavior), the behavior itself, and the consequences (what happens after the behavior). By identifying these elements, practitioners can determine whether the problem behavior is a means for the individual to achieve specific outcomes, such as gaining attention, escaping a task, or obtaining a desired object.

Understanding the function of the behavior is crucial for developing effective interventions that address the root Causes rather than merely treating the symptoms. Such interventions can support the individual in learning more appropriate ways to express needs or achieve their goals.

This focus on behavior functions distinguishes the FBA from other types of assessments that may concentrate on academic strengths, environmental assessments, or teaching methods. While those areas are important, they do not specifically target the analysis of behavior through a functional lens. Thus, the essential role of an FBA is to create a clear link between problem behaviors and their underlying functions, guiding the creation of effective and individualized intervention strategies.